Regulating quantum technologies
| Autoři | |
|---|---|
| Rok publikování | 2025 |
| Druh | Článek ve sborníku |
| Konference | Expert Essentials |
| Fakulta / Pracoviště MU | |
| Citace | |
| www | Web nakladatele |
| Klíčová slova | quantum computing; optimization; cryptography; artificial intelligence; machine learning; algorithmic bias; intellectual property |
| Přiložené soubory | |
| Popis | Quantum computing utilizes unique principles of quantum mechanics, namely superpositions allowing particles to be simultaneously in two states. A classical electric switch, like a transistor, can be either on or off. A quantum switch can be on and off simultaneously. In classical computers, transistors are combined into gates that perform simple computing tasks. In quantum computers, transistors are altered with superposed particles, which allows for computing exponentially more tasks at once. If, for instance, a classical computer is to find the best path through a maze with one billion exits, it tries one path at a time or uses shortcuts that might miss the best one. A quantum computer with only 30 quantum gates can explore all paths and find the best route at once. It is still not likely that quantum computers become available for commercially relevant use without further scientific advancements. However, the promise of quantum computing is already very attractive in areas such as drug discovery, financial modelling, climate modelling, logistics, or training of artificial intelligence models. Some regulatory needs related to the unprecedented computing possibilities of quantum computers are already well known. Examples include the need for replacing Rivest–Shamir–Adleman-based cryptography tools with post-quantum options, or ex-ante regulation of artificial intelligence applications. It is also quite likely that the importance and specific nature of quantum algorithms will induce the need for amending the existing instruments protecting semiconductor topographies with topographies (or better architectures) of quantum modules and chips. |