Photoelectrochemical Enzyme Biosensor for Malate Using Quantum Dots on Indium Tin Oxide/Plastics as a Sensing Surface

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Authors

HLAVÁČOVÁ Tereza SKLÁDAL Petr

Year of publication 2024
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Biosensors
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Web https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/14/1/11
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios14010011
Keywords malate dehydrogenase; flow-through biosensor; electrochemical sensor; wine; fruit juice
Description A photoelectrochemical biosensor for malate was developed using an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer deposited on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) plastic sheet as a transparent electrode material for the immobilization of malate dehydrogenase together with CdTe quantum dots. Different approaches were compared for the construction of the bioactive layer; the highest response was achieved by depositing malate dehydrogenase together with CdTe nanoparticles and covering it with a Nafion/water (1:1) mixture. The amperometric signal of this biosensor was recorded during irradiation with a near-UV LED in the flow-through mode. The limit of detection was 0.28 mmol/L, which is adequate for analyzing malic acid levels in drinks such as white wines and fruit juices. The results confirm that the cheap ITO layer deposited on the plastic sheet after cutting into rectangular electrodes allows for the economic production of photoelectrochemical (bio)sensors. The combination of NAD+-dependent malate dehydrogenase with quantum dots was also compatible with such an ITO surface.
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